2008

Russia revives Soviet-era Atlantic navy exercises in neutral waters in the Bay of Biscay off France, in what is seen as a demonstration of resurgent military muscle.

• Nazi slogans are common in many Russian stadiums. Matches are often interrupted with racist chants aimed at black players.

• Russia sends tanks into Georgia and bombs Georgian air bases after Georgia launches a military offensive to retake the breakaway province of South Ossetia, and Russia de facto annexes South Ossetia and Abkhazia

• Eight people of Russian radical nationalist organization The Saviour were found guilty for their roles in the attack that left 14 dead.

• Allegations of blood libel appeared in posters in Novosibirsk. The Federation of Jewish Communities of Russia expressed their concern about a rising number of attacks targeting Jews, calling it part of “a recent surge in anti-Semitic manifestations” in Russia.

• Russia uses supplies of natural gas as a political weapon against the Ukraine

• A Russian military convoy is attacked by sepatarists in Ingushetia

• Amnesty International reported that racism in Russia was "out of control" and estimated the number of Russian neo-Nazis at around 85,000

• Artur Ryno and Pavel Skachevsky were sentenced to penal labour for 10 years each for the murder of 19 foreigners.

• 2003-2013 Yukos oil boss and prominent liberal Mikhail Khodorkovsky arrested on charges of tax evasion and fraud, an early casualty of President Putin's campaign to drive Yeltsin-era 'oligarchs' out of politics. In 2005 he is sentenced to nine years imprisonment, and is pardoned and goes into exile in 2013.

• 1999-2009 Second Chechen War, Hundreds of civilians are killed and tens of thousands are left homeless as civilian targets are attacked.

• 2007- War in Ingushetia

• 2000- Chechen Insurgency

• 1948- Involvement to Arab-Israeli Conflict

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