1937

The Soviet policy of violent oppression begun, aimed at all minorities in the Soviet Union

• The Soviet authorities started to oppress the Vepsian culture. All national activities were stopped and the national districts were abolished

• Shambala rebellion in Buryatia, Fearing Buryat nationalism, Joseph Stalin had more than 10,000 Buryats killed.

• Karelia, Sandarmokh. Mass shootings and burials of victims of Soviet political repressions. Over 9,000 bodies were discovered after the place was found

• Islamic rebellion in Xinjiang, Turki Muslims against the pro-Soviet provincial forces of Sheng Shicai.

• All Ingrian cultural and social activities were brought to a halt

• Preceding the total dispersion of the Ingrians, all Finnish schools were russified, most of the intellectuals killed and the Ingrian cultural life completely extinguished.

• Russian chauvinists closed Izhorian schools and similarly, the end was signalled for Izhorian cultural and social life.

• 2,000 Kurds deported from Border regions of Georgian SSR, Azerbaijan SSR, Armenian SSR, Turkmenian SSR, Uzbek SSR, and Tajik SSR to Kazakh SSR, Kyrgyz SSR

• 172,000 Koreans deported from Far East to Northern Kazakh SSR, Uzbek SSR

• 1937-1945 Second Sino-Japanese War

• 1937-1941 Belorus, Kurapaty. 250,000 people were executed during the Great Purge by the Soviet secret police, the NKVD.

• 1937-1941 Russia, Communarka shooting ground. NKVD mass shootings in the Novomoskovsky Administrative Okrug. 10,000 people were killed and buried there.

• 9,000 Chinese, Harbin Russians deported from Southern Far East to Kazakh SSR, Uzbek SSR

• 1936-1939 Involvment in Spanish Civil War

• 1936-1939 2.5 million Soviet citizens are arrested and 700,000 are executed during the "great purges"

• 1936-1939 Mongolia. Stalinist repressions under the leadership of Khorloogiin Choibalsan by Russian instructions. All together, 2,265 monastery buildings were destroyed and over 71.5 tons of metal statutes shipped to the USSR for scrap. Between 22,000 and 35,000 people killed, or about three to four percent of Mongolia's population at that time. Nearly 18,000 victims were Buddhist lamas. Some authors also offer much higher estimates, up to 100,000 victims. Only from August 1937 to January 1938, according to the Soviet embassy in Mongolia, 10,728 people have been arrested including 7,814 lamas, 322 noyans, 180 army commanders and 408 Chinese. During this period, cases were heard on 7,171 people of whom 6,311 were executed. According to these data, the brunt of the repression was inflicted on Buddhist monasticism.

• 1932-1941 Conflicts with Japan

• 1930-1940 Mongolia and Soviet-supported Xinjiang Uyghurs and Kazakhs' separatist movement

• 1920-1940 Ukraine, Bykivnia Graves. During the Stalinist period in the Soviet Union, it was one of the unmarked mass grave sites where the NKVD, the Soviet secret police, disposed of thousands of executed "enemies of the Soviet state" The number of dead bodies buried there is estimated 225 000

• 1800-2001 Russia annexing Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti (Eastern Georgia) and deposing the Bagratids

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