1864

Russia signs a treaty border with China that opens Central Asia to Russian expansion and Iran's central Asian provinces

• Cherkess fleeing from the Russian invasion

• War with Khanate of Kokand

• Russian government reintroduced the use of Cyrillic to Belarusian and banned the use of the Latin alphabet.

• 1864-1865 Central Asian republics annexed by Russia

• 1863-1864 Poland/Lithuania/Ukraina, January Uprising. Poles and Lithuanians rose again but again they were crushed.

• 1861-1880 To escape reprisals by the Russian army, large numbers of Karachays migrated to Turkey.

• 1857-1906 The Russians established a penal colony on Sakhalin. They transported numerous Russian criminal and political exiles there, including Lev Shternberg, an important early ethnographer of the Nivkh. The Nivkh were soon outnumbered; they were sometimes employed as prison guards and to track escaped convicts

• 1817-1864 Caucasian Wars

• 1800-2001 Russia annexing Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti (Eastern Georgia) and deposing the Bagratids

• 1795-1918 Belorussia under Russian rule

• 1783-1917 War with Georgia

• 1763-1864 Russo-Circassian War

• 1732-1867 The Russian colonization of the Americas

• 1700-1900 The Slavic Russians outnumber all of the native peoples in Siberia

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