1581

1570-1595 Estonia. Livonian War (1558–83) and Russo-Swedish War (1590–95)

• 1577-1582 Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory

• 1580-1581 Sweden conquered Ingeria, Karelia, ivangorod etc

• 1581-1582 The Siege of Pskov, 1581 and February 1582, when the army of the Polish king and Grand Duke of Lithuania Stephen Báthory laid an unsuccessful siege and successful blockade of the city of Pskov during the final stage of the Livonian War of 1558–1583.

• 1581-1585 Third Cheremis War against Mari people, Udmurts, Bashkirs and Volga Tatars

• Estonia, Siege of Narva. 4-6 september Swedish ships started to siege Narva town and conquered it. Russians lost about 7000 men

• Estonia. Siege of Paide. Unsuccessful for Russians

• Swedes came from Finland and conquered back Rakvere and Paide and then whole Estonian land.

• Cossacks begin conquering Siberia: Yermak began his voyage into the depths of Siberia with a band of 1,636 men, following the Tagil and Tura Rivers. : Yermak Timofeyevich crossed the Ural Mountains with a band of adventurers, defeated the Siberian Khanate and started the Russian conquest of Siberia

• Ivan IV kills his own son and heir

• The Mansi attacked the Russians on the lands of Stoganoff

• Estonia. Swedes freed Kingissepp and whole Ingria

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